Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab blowout tiv thaiv?

Hauv kev tsim cov roj thiab roj av, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws lub qhov dej drilling. Thaum lub siab nyob rau hauv lub qhov dej yog tsawg tshaj li qhov tsim siab, roj, roj, thiab dej nyob rau hauv lub underground formation nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov dej thiab daim ntawv overflow los yog ncaws. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, lub tshuab drilling thiab hluav taws kub yuav tshwm sim. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej drilling zoo yog kom ceev thiab ceev ceev kaw lub qhov dej thaum muaj dej ntws los yog ncaws tawm hauv qhov dej kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo.

Drilling well control li mas muaj xws li: blowout preventer, spool, remote control console, driller's console, choke and kill manifold, etc. Drilling well control device ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm drilling tshuab, yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, thiab tuaj yeem kaw thiab qhib lub tshuab. nyob zoo. Nws tuaj yeem tswj tau ntawm lub driller lub console ntawm qhov drilling rig lossis ntawm lub console tej thaj chaw deb deb ntawm lub qhov dej. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab tuaj yeem paub txog kev tswj lub tshuab, tua kom zoo thiab tripping ntawm cov cuab yeej drilling. Tom qab kev txhim kho lub rotating blowout tiv thaiv, kev ua haujlwm drilling tuaj yeem ua tiav yam tsis tau tua lub qhov dej.

Drilling BOPs feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua ib qho ram, ob chav ram, (annular) thiab rotating BOPs. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev tsim tau drilled thiab drilling tshuab, ob peb lub tshuab tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siv ua ke tib lub sijhawm. Muaj 15 qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov drilling BOPs uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov kev xaiv loj nyob ntawm seb qhov loj me hauv qhov kev tsim drilling, uas yog, qhov nominal txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov drilling BOP yog me ntsis loj dua li cov kab uas hla ntawm lub casing coupling uas tau khiav dua. Lub siab ntawm lub tshuab tiv thaiv lub tshuab yog li ntawm 3.5 txog 175 MPa, nrog rau tag nrho ntawm 9 qib siab. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus xaiv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub taub hau siab thaum kaw hauv qhov dej.