Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Rau Kev Taw Qhia Drilling

Peb qhov teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau daws teeb meem hauv kev tswj hwm txoj kev mus los ntawm qhov dej:

① Tsim lub qhov hauv qab sib dhos (BHA) kom tsim nyog los tswj qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov.

② Tsim lossis xaiv cov cuab yeej downhole nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb los tswj qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub qhov.

③ Xaiv thiab tswj qhov hnyav ntawm lub ntsis (WOB) kom tsim nyog los tswj qhov nrawm ntawm qhov nkag mus rau hauv qhov ntsug thiab qhov loj ntawm cov zog tsim, yog li ua tiav kev tswj qhov nkhaus ntawm qhov dej.

Cov cuab yeej drilling directional feem ntau suav nrog cov subs directional, cov collars drill non-magnetic (NMDC), cov yeeb nkab hnyav (HWDP), stabilizers, key-seat wipers, thiab lwm yam.

I. Kev Taw Qhia Sub

1. Hom

Kev taw qhia ncaj qha: Siv rau kev taw qhia drilling nrog bent-housing progressive cavity drills (PCD).

Lub taub hau khoov rau sab: Siv rau kev khawb rau sab nrog cov tshuab khawb qhov ncaj (PCD).

2. Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb

1) Kev Taw Qhia Ncaj Qha

Cheebtsam: Lub Tsev 4, lub tes tsho nruab nrab 1, tus yuam sij qhia 3, teeb tsa ntsia hlau 2

2) Kev Taw Qhia Bent Sub

Cheebtsam: Vaj Tse 4, lub tes tsho nruab nrab 1, tus yuam sij qhia 3, teeb tsa ntsia hlau 2. Piv nrog rau lub sub ncaj qha qhia, nws muaj lub kaum sab xis khoov λ, thiab cov mis xam yog: λ = 57.3 × (a - b) / d

II. Lub Qhov Caj Npab Uas Tsis Yog Hlau Nplaum (NMDC)

1. Kev Ua Haujlwm

Tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej ntsuas sib nqus kom tsis txhob muaj qhov yuam kev ntsuas.

Ua cov haujlwm ntawm cov laum laum ib txwm muaj.

2. Cov Khoom Siv ntawm Cov Caj Dab Uas Tsis Yog Hlau nplaum

Feem ntau suav nrog Monel alloy (muaj tooj liab, nickel, chromium, thiab lwm yam), chromium-nickel alloy, austenitic alloy raws li chromium-manganese, beryllium-tooj ​​liab alloy, SMFI tsis yog hlau nplaum, thiab cov hlau manganese-chromium-nickel hauv tsev.

3. Kev Xaiv Qhov Ntev Ntawm Lub Qhov Caj Npab Uas Tsis Yog Hlau Nplaum

Saib "Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Lub Zog Sib Nqus Hauv Ntiaj Teb Kab Rov Tav". Kev xaiv qhov ntev ntawm lub dab tshos uas tsis yog hlau nplaum ua rau ntsuas tau qhov tseeb ntawm qhov sib nqus azimuth hauv qhov qhib. Qhov siab dua ntawm qhov sib nqus ntawm thaj chaw, qhov ntev dua ntawm lub dab tshos uas tsis yog hlau nplaum.

4. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas thiab Kev Siv Cov Caj Npab Uas Tsis Yog Hlau Nplaum

1) Qhov ncaj ntawm qhov cylindrical sab nraud ntawm lub dab tshos tsis yog hlau nplaum yuav tsum yog ≤ 2mm / m, thiab qhov ncaj ntawm tag nrho qhov ntev yuav tsum yog ≤ 5mm / m.

2)Cov khawb ntawm lub yeeb nkab lub cev nto ntawm lub dab tshos uas tsis yog hlau nplaum yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv khawb uas tau teev tseg.

3)Qhov nto ntawm cov xov yuav tsum du, tsis muaj cov cim tsis sib xws, tawg, tawg, lossis lwm yam kev puas tsuaj.

4)Lub zog sib zog ntawm cov xov uas tsis yog hlau nplaum yuav tsum yog ≥ qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas tau teev tseg.

5)Yuav tsum kuaj xyuas qhov permeability ntawm lub laum uas tsis yog hlau nplaum ib xyoos ib zaug, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj xyuas yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm Tus Qauv Qws Uas Tsis Yog Hlau nplaum (SY5145-86).

III. Cov Yeeb Nkab Hnyav (HWDP)

Nws siv rau hauv qab ntawm BHA los hloov cov caj dab rau kev siv lub zog. Hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej tswj hwm, nws txo qhov chaw sib cuag nrog phab ntsa qhov dej, txo qhov kev sib txhuam, pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm swb, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb hauv qhov, thiab ua rau kev tswj hwm cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov dej. Nws kuj ua haujlwm ua ntu hloov pauv ntawm cov caj dab thiab cov kav dej kom txo qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tawv.

IV. Cov Khoom Ruaj Kho

1.Cov ntawv thov ntawm Stabilizers hauv Directional Drilling

Hauv cov BHA uas tsim tawm thiab cov BHA uas poob tawm, cov stabilizers ua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus. Los ntawm kev kho qhov chaw ntawm cov stabilizers hauv qab BHA, qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab ntawm qab BHA tuaj yeem hloov pauv kom ua tiav kev tswj hwm txoj kev taug kev hauv qhov dej.

2.Ua kom lub hauv qab BHA ruaj khov dua kom lub qhov sib txawv thiab azimuth ruaj khov. Hauv cov BHA uas tuav lub kaum sab xis, lub hauv qab BHA ruaj khov dua los ntawm kev txo qhov deb ntawm lub ntsis thiab lub stabilizer, thiab ntawm cov stabilizer, kom txwv tsis pub muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hauv qab BHA thiab ua tiav qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tuav qhov sib txawv.

3.Hnav khaub ncaws rau lub qhov dej kom ua rau qhov nkhaus ntawm lub qhov dej hloov pauv maj mam thiab du, uas pab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem hauv qhov.

Lus Cim! Thaum koj khiav lub stabilizer mus rau hauv lub qhov dej thiab rub nws tawm ntawm lub qhov dej, ua tib zoo ntsuas lub cheeb sab nraud ntawm lub stabilizer, xyuas nws qhov kev hnav thiab qhov chaw teeb tsa hauv BHA. Lub cheeb sab nraud ntawm lub stabilizer yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2 hli.

Cov hom stabilizers:

Lub stabilizer ncaj-rib symmetric tsib-lobe (peb-lobe) spherical stabilizer

Tsib-lobe (peb-lobe) spiral stabilizerr Lub tes tsho stabilizer hloov tau

Peb-lobe eccentric stabilizerCov stabilizer hloov tau

V. Tus yuam sij-Lub rooj zaum so

Cov duab geometric ntawm lub wiper-seat zoo ib yam li lub spiral stabilizer. Nws qhov loj me dua li lub stabilizer tab sis loj dua li lub drill collar. Txawv ntawm lub spiral stabilizer, ob lub xub pwg sab saud thiab sab qis ntawm lub wiper-seat yog surfacing-welded nrog cov hlau nplaum tawv rau hauv ib lub conical zoo li, uas muaj cov haujlwm ntawm kev txiav, reaming, thiab so cov rooj zaum tseem ceeb.

Qhov chaw ntawm lub wiper uas siv rau hauv txoj hlua khawb yog raws li nram no:

1. BHA Tshwj Xeeb rau Kev So Cov Rooj Zaum Tseem Ceeb

Kev teeb tsa BHA rau kev so cov rooj zaum tseem ceeb dav dav: Ntsis + lub qhov me me (50)～60m) + lub tshuab so dej + lub thawv khawb av + cov yeeb nkab khawb hnyav (HWDP).

Rau kev so cov rooj zaum tseem ceeb ntev dua, cov BHA hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau: Ntsis + 1 lub rooj zaum me me ntawm lub dab tshos laum + lub phuam so rooj zaum tseem ceeb + 1 lub rooj zaum ntawm lub dab tshos laum me me + qhov sib koom ua ke + lub thawv laum + cov yeeb nkab laum hnyav (HWDP).

Lub txoj kab uas hla sab nraud ntawm lub dab tshos me me hauv txoj hlua khi yuav tsum zoo ib yam li lub txoj kab uas hla sab nraud ntawm lub yeeb nkab sib koom ua ke uas siv thaum lub sijhawm tho. Thaum khiav txoj hlua khi mus txog li 100m saum lub rooj zaum tseem ceeb, tswj qhov ceev khiav; thaum ntsib kev tiv thaiv, pib reaming thiab tswj hwm WOB nruj me ntsis (feem ntau tsawg dua 49kN).

2. So Lub Rooj Zaum Thaum Lub Tshuab Drilling

Thaum khawb qhov chaw, pib ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, cov ntaub so qhov rooj tseem ceeb feem ntau siv rau hauv qhov BHA hauv qab. Raws li qhov nkhaus ntawm lub qhov dej uas tau khawb thiab kev tsim cov pob zeb, cov ntaub so qhov rooj tseem ceeb siv rau kev rov ua dua hauv cov ntu "dev-ceg" uas cov rooj zaum tseem ceeb yuav tsim, kom tiv thaiv kev tsim cov rooj zaum tseem ceeb.

VI. Lub Qhov Dej Ntws

Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kua dej ntws rov qab (uas yuav ua rau cov cuab yeej ntsuas qhov downhole puas tsuaj) thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov qhov taub me me.

VII. Lub Rooj Sab Laj Hanger

Lub cuab yeej ntsuas thaum tho qhov (MWD) tau muab tso rau hauv nws, muab qhov chaw ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov rau MWD.

Muaj ib txoj kab ntsuas sab siab ntawm phab ntsa sab nraud ntawm lub hanger sub, uas yog siv los ntsuas sab siab ntawm lub progressive cavity drill (PCD) thiab ntsuas qhov offset ntawm MWD thiab PCD. Phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub sub muaj ib tus yuam sij tawm, uas yog siv thaum MWD teeb tsa. Thaum MWD tsis siv, yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom tshem lub hanger sub ua ntej kom tsis txhob muaj tus yuam sij raug ntxuav tawm vim muaj dej ntws ntau dhau (uas yuav ua rau muaj xwm txheej hauv qhov).

VIII. Lub thawv

Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tswj kev sib npaug ntawm lub ntsis thiab txoj hlua laum, thiab pab kom cov yeeb nkab daig dawb thaum cov yeeb nkab daig.

IX. Kev Sib Txuas Uas Yooj Yim

Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tiv thaiv lub thawv thiab ua kom cov hlua laum elasticity thaum lub sijhawm jarring.