Vim li cas tus nqi tungsten nce siab yuav coj kev cov nyom rau kev lag luam drilling?

Tcov nqi khoom siv hauv tsev tau nce siab tshaj 200%txij li xyoo 2025 txog rau hnub tim, ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws yuav luag ob xyoo caum vim muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm kev muab khoom thiab kev thov nce siab.

Tungsten (feem ntau yog tungsten carbide) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv laum,cov cuab yeej milling,cov khoom/cuab yeej uas tsis yooj yim hnav, thiab cov khoom siv hnyav hauv kev khawb av. Nws tus nqi nce siab ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem:

I. Kev Nce Nqi Ncaj Qha Thiab Kev Poob Qis Ntawm Cov Nyiaj Tau Los

1. Kev Nce Nqi Tsim Khoom Siv Drill Bit Ntau Ntxiv

• Tungsten carbide yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv laum tricone (TCI), PDC laum ntsis matrices thiab polycrystalline pob zeb diamond compact vuam txheej, suav rau15-25%ntawm tag nrho cov nqi raw khoom ntawm cov khoom siv laum.
• Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb xws li tungsten thiab cobalt tau nce ntxiv los ntawm15-20%piv rau xyoo 2022, ua rau muaj8-10%kev nce nqi ntawm cov khoom siv laum tricone.
• Cov ntsis laum Matrix-hom PDC siv cov hmoov tungsten carbide ntau heev, thiab tus nqi nce siab ncaj qha ua rau tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom matrix nce siab.

1. Kev Nce Nqi Tag Nrho ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm Drilling

• Cov ntsis laum yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem laum, thiab qhov nce nqi raug xa mus rau cov nqi pabcuam laum.
• Hauv kev khawb av uas muaj zog heev, lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov tungsten carbide drill bits ntev dua 50 npaug ntawm cov hlau ib txwm muaj, ua rau nws tsis yooj yim hloov lawv, thiab yog li ntawd tus nqi siab tsis zam tau.
• Ntxiv rau cov khoom siv laum, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tungsten carbide xws li lub rooj zaum ntawm cov yeeb nkab laum, cov tshuab xuab zeb thiab cov yeeb nkab uas tiv taus hnav kuj tau nce siab tib lub sijhawm, ua rau cov nqi ua haujlwm nce ntxiv.

1. Kev Nyuaj Siab Ob Zaug Rau Cov Nyiaj Tau Los Ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab

• Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom sab saud loj hlob sai dua li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam sab hauv qab, ua rau tus nqi hla mus qeeb.
• Kev sib tw ua lag luam hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab uas khawb av, txwv lawv txoj kev nce nqi, nrog rau qee lub lag luam pom lawv cov nyiaj tau los poob qis dua.10%.
• Cov tuam txhab loj thoob ntiaj teb xws li Sandvik tau tshaj tawm tias tus nqi khoom nce 22%, uas tseem tsis tau them tag nrho cov nqi nce, ua rau cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyuaj dua.

II. Cov Teeb Meem rau Kev Ruaj Ntseg thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm Cov Khoom Siv

1. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv Zoo Ua Rau Muaj Kev Tsis Txaus Khoom Siv Ntau Ntxiv

• Tungsten tau raug suav nrog hauv "daim ntawv teev cov hlau tseem ceeb" los ntawm EU, Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv Pooj thiab lwm thaj chaw, ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm kev xa khoom thiab kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv.
• Ua lub ntiaj teb tus tsim cov khoom siv tungsten loj tshaj plaws (suav txog ntau dua 80% ntawm cov khoom khaws cia thoob ntiaj teb), Tuam Tshoj tau siv cov kev tswj hwm kev xa khoom tawm thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2025, xav tau "ib daim ntawv tso cai rau ib qho kev txiav txim" rau 25 cov hlau tsis tshua muaj xws li ammonium paratungstate.
• Qhov kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev thov los ntawm kev tsim khoom siab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab (xws li cov xov hlau tungsten photovoltaic thiab nuclear fusion) tau ua rau muaj kev sib tw rau cov peev txheej tsawg nrog kev lag luam drilling.

1. Kev Tsis Sib Npaug ntawm Kev Muab Khoom thiab Kev Xav Tau Ua Rau Tus Nqi Hloov Pauv

• Kev thov tungsten thoob ntiaj teb yuav tshaj 130,000 tons hauv xyoo 2025, nce li ntawm 6% txhua xyoo, thaum kev loj hlob ntawm kev muab khoom tseem txwv.
• Cov qib ntawm cov peev txheej tungsten hauv tebchaws tau poob qis, nrog rau qib nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau nyoos poob qis los ntawm 0.42% hauv xyoo 2024 mus rau 0.28%, thawb cov nqi khawb av nce siab.
• Cov cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj heev tau txwv tsis pub siv tungsten ore mining, ua rau sab khoom siv ntau ntxiv.

1. Kev Pheej Hmoo ntawm Kev Cuam Tshuam Kev Muab Khoom rau Cov Lag Luam Me thiab Nruab Nrab

• Kwv yees li ntawm 30% ntawm cov tuam txhab me thiab nruab nrab hauv Tebchaws Europe tau raug yuam kom ncua kev lees txais kev txiav txim vim muaj kev tsis txaus lossis cov nqi siab.
• Cov lag luam drilling yuav ntsib kev ncua sijhawm xa khoom ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li cov laum laum, cuam tshuam rau kev nce qib ntawm qhov project thiab kev ua tiav ntawm daim ntawv cog lus.

III. Kev Nyuaj Siab Loj Hlob Rau Kev Xaiv Tshuab thiab Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab

1. Cov Teeb Meem Hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Hloov Khoom Siv

• Tungsten carbide muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm siab, kev cuam tshuam siab thiab cov chaw xuab zeb, ua rau nws nyuaj rau nrhiav qhov hloov pauv tag nrho hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
• Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv siv tau zoo lossis cov txheej txheem txheej txheem uas pheej yig yuav tsum tau nqis peev ntau hauv R&D thiab lub sijhawm los txheeb xyuas.
• Cov tungsten carbide kheej kheej muaj kev ua tau zoo dua li cov tungsten carbide angular tab sis raug nqi ntau dua 3-4 npaug, ua rau kev xaiv txuj ci nyuaj nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem ntawm "tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo".

1. Kev Nyuaj Siab kom Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem thiab Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo

• Cov lag luam tau raug yuam kom ua kom muaj zog ntxiv rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem, xws li rov tsim dua cov qauv hlau ntawm PDC laum ntsis kom txo tau kev siv hmoov tungsten carbide (cov txheej txheem tshiab tuaj yeem txo cov nqi los ntawm 54%).
• Txhim kho cov nqi siv cov khoom siv raw, cov tuam txhab ua lag luam tau nce lawv cov nqi siv los ntawm 85% mus rau 92%.
• Kev siv dua thiab rov siv cov khoom siv tho qhov pov tseg tau dhau los ua ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb, thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yuav tsum tau nce mus rau ntau dua 25% kom txo tau qhov kev nyuaj siab ntawm tus nqi.

1. Kev Pheej Hmoo ntawm Kev Kho Cov Kev Taug Kev

• Qee lub lag luam yuav hloov mus rau lwm txoj hauv kev pheej yig xws li cov laum hlau, tab sis lawv cov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab lub neej luv luv hauv cov qauv nyuaj yuav ua rau tus nqi tag nrho nce ntxiv.
• Cov haujlwm tho qhov dej siab heev (xws li cov qhov dej tob hauv hiav txwv thiab cov qhov dej kub thiab siab) muaj kev vam khom rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm tungsten carbide, tsis muaj chaw rau kev hloov kho thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntau dua.

IV. Kev Sib Tw Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Hloov Kho Dua Tshiab ntawm Kev Lag Luam

1. Kev Ua Lag Luam Ntau Ntxiv

• Cov lag luam loj muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov nqi nce siab zoo dua vim lawv cov kev lag luam ntawm qhov ntsuas, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab cov peev xwm tswj cov khoom xa tuaj.
• Cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab yuav raug tshem tawm lossis yuav vim muaj peev xwm tswj tus nqi tsis zoo thiab cov kev pab nyiaj txiag tsawg.
• Lub ntiaj teb tungsten carbide cov khoom siv saw hlau yog tsom mus rau cov tuam txhab ua lag luam, ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev lag luam ntxiv.

1. Kev Sib Tw Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb Uas Muaj Zog Dua

• Kev tswj hwm kev xa khoom tawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau hloov pauv cov qauv kev muab khoom tungsten carbide thoob ntiaj teb, ua rau cov tuam txhab European thiab Asmeskas raug kev nyuaj siab ob zaug ntawm kev tsis txaus khoom thiab kev nce nqi.
• Cov lag luam hauv cov teb chaws uas tab tom tsim kho tshiab yuav tau txais ntau feem ntawm kev ua lag luam vim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tus nqi, hloov pauv qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
• Cov cai tswjfwm se thiab kev lag luam tau dhau los ua qhov nyuaj dua, ua rau cov nqi thiab kev tsis paub tseeb ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb nce ntxiv.

1. Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Cov Neeg Siv Khoom Xav Tau

• Cov tuam txhab roj yuav txo cov peev nyiaj tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txhim kho, ncua lossis tshem tawm cov haujlwm tshiab, thiab txo qhov kev thov rau cov kev pabcuam drilling.
• Cov neeg siv khoom nyiam xaiv cov kev daws teeb meem drilling uas pheej yig dua thiab muab cov kev cai siab dua rau lub neej kev pabcuam thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov laum.
• Cov kab lus hloov kho tus nqi hauv cov ntawv cog lus ntev tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tham, ua rau cov nqi thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib txuas lus ua lag luam nce ntxiv.